Anchovies and sprats are different types of fish from different families. Anchovies are larger than sprats, reaching up to 20 centimeters in length, and have a larger head. There are several species of anchovies, with the Peruvian anchovy being the most commercially valuable. The sprat population in the Caspian Sea declined due to a harmful jellyfish, but has started to recover in recent years, contributing to the growth of the sprat catch in Russia.