The US Department of Agriculture estimates that Nigeria's domestic wheat consumption for the 2022/23 season is 5.8 million tons, with imports projected to be 3% lower than the previous season at 6.0 million tons due to supply issues from the Black Sea region and the COVID-19 pandemic. Nigeria relies heavily on bread, which makes up a significant portion of its staple diet, and has been experiencing challenges due to rising freight and energy costs. The ongoing conflict in Ukraine and Western sanctions against Russia have affected wheat imports and production, leading Nigeria to consider mixing wheat with local flours like cassava, millet, and sweet potato. Additionally, the conflict has impacted corn production in Nigeria due to the global shortage of basic chemicals needed for fertilizer production, making it more expensive and out of reach for small farmers.