The Indonesian Ombudsman has identified competition from Vietnam as a key factor in the recent decline in Indonesian crude palm oil (CPO) exports. This competition was bolstered by a 2022 ban on Indonesian CPO exports to several countries, including European countries and India. As a result, buyers in these countries sought alternative suppliers, such as Vietnam, which quickly responded with a competitive policy. The ban disrupted the international business climate and led to a significant decrease in the export value of Indonesian CPO, despite an expected increase in national palm oil exports in 2023. India is the largest consumer of Indonesian CPO, importing 19.65% of the country's total national exports in 2023.