Palm kernel shell (PKS) exports have been on the rise due to their environmental friendliness and potential as fuel. These shells, a byproduct of palm kernel processing, are widely used as biomass fuel in Asia, especially in Japan and Thailand. In 2019, exports reached 1.8 million tons with an economic value of $144 million. However, the first half of 2020 saw a decrease in exports to Japan, the largest market, due to high export duties and palm oil levies, reaching $22 per ton.