Climate change and overfishing are posing a significant threat to fish populations in the East and South China Seas, potentially leading to a collapse of fish populations and a squeeze on fishmeal markets. A report by the ADM Capital Foundation estimates that the South China Sea could lose up to 6.4 million metric tons of fish biomass, worth US$11.4 billion, by 2100 if current trends continue. The report recommends shifting away from fish-based feed products towards alternative protein sources like insect meal and algae oil. Both the high cost of these alternatives and the need for policy coordination across government borders present challenges. The situation is complex, with demands for fishmeal from aquaculture leading to overfishing and environmental degradation, while the high value of larger fish makes them harder to catch, pushing more fishers to sell to fishmeal processors.