Spain's Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food (MAPA) has projected a nearly 2% increase in the country's autumn-winter cereal area to 5.19 million hectares this year, primarily due to a rise in barley and oats cultivation. Despite this, the 2023 harvest is expected to be significantly lower than previous years, with 8.7 million tons of autumn-winter cereal and 2.9 million tons of corn, a sharp drop from the 18.2 million tons of grain harvested in 2022.