The article provides a comprehensive overview of the nutritional benefits of onions, emphasizing their rich content in essential vitamins (A, B, C, D, E), proteins, sugars, flavonoids, and minerals, which are particularly beneficial for combating vitamin C deficiency. It also delves into the historical significance of onions and their contemporary role as a seasoning. The discussion extends to the challenges onions face from pests and diseases like onion fly, downy mildew, and neck rot. Furthermore, the article outlines the standards and testing procedures for onion seeds in Russia, as mandated by the Ministry of Agriculture of the Russian Federation, focusing on germination and purity for seed sowing quality. Additionally, it describes a process where research results are used to issue test reports to applicants, indicating a systematic approach to evaluation and documentation.