The United Nations Conference on Trade and Development report outlines the impact of disruptions to major shipping routes and rising operating costs on the fresh fruit industry. These disruptions have led to increased shipping rates, causing quality and sales issues due to extended transportation times. In 2024, ocean freight rates saw a significant increase before experiencing a decline from peak levels. Disruptions, higher fuel consumption, and insurance costs have increased overall expenses. Climate change has further contributed to these issues, with lower water levels in the Panama Canal and disruptions in the Red Sea and Suez Canal leading to increased containerized cargo indices and intra-Asian container indices.