Russian cashew imports experienced a significant growth from 5.1 thousand tons in 2016 to 10.7 thousand tons in 2020, marking a 22.1% annual increase in volume. The monetary value also surged from $26.52 million in 2016 to $45.2 million in 2020, showing a 22.54% annual growth rate. Despite the COVID-19 pandemic, Russia's cashew imports in 2020 slightly decreased compared to the previous year but remained higher than the historical averages. Vietnam emerged as the leading supplier, contributing to 55.66% of the total imports in 2020, followed by Belarus with a 40.7% market share. The article underscores the need for the Vietnamese cashew industry to understand Russian consumer preferences and enhance product quality to retain and grow its market share in the face of increasing competition from Belarus.