The Vietnamese cashew industry is grappling with challenges such as declining average export prices, foreign market uncertainties, and high global inflation, despite a slight increase in export volume and value in the first quarter of 2023. The industry faces the challenge of balancing import prices with the need to reduce processing capacity and consider importing cashew kernels from Africa. Domestic raw cashew prices are low due to imported raw materials, affecting farmers. However, efforts are being made to improve yield and quality, and policies to support cashew farmers. There are calls for sustainable development in the industry, with a focus on both people and nature, particularly on improving the working conditions and rights of female workers in the cashew industry, which uses a significant amount of labor.