The chili pepper mild mottle virus (CPMMoV), originally from Asia, is causing concern in Spain's pepper crops, with outbreaks identified in Granada and the Basque Country. Initially misidentified as other viruses, it was later confirmed by NEIKER, IBMCP, and IAM-UPV in 2022. The virus specifically affects pepper plants and not tomatoes, with transmission possible through contaminated seeds at a rate of 0.9% to 8.5%. It has also been detected in ornamental nightshades in the United States, raising concerns for the risk to other horticultural and ornamental crops. Researchers recommend comprehensive studies, including seed analysis, to prevent the spread of CPMMoV, as Europe continues to grapple with new viruses in its agricultural areas.