Avian flu and contagious nodular dermatosis: plagues that rob Spanish livestock farmers of sleep

Three animal diseases have set off alarms across much of Spain: they affect cows, birds, and sheep and are causing intense movements among veterinary services and producers. Beyond the initial fear, health officials and veterinary colleges insist that the risk to people is very limited, while ranchers suffer direct losses from immobilization, sacrifices, and trade restrictions. The official response combines vaccination campaigns, control zones, and strict biosecurity protocols. However, the combination of environmental factors and animal and merchandise movements complicates the risk map and forces the updating of prevention strategies. Contagious Nodular Dermatosis: recent outbreak and urgent measures The most recent and concerning appearance for cattle is Contagious Nodular Dermatosis (CND), first detected in a dairy farm in the province of Girona. The pathogen, belonging to the Poxviridae family, causes symptoms in cattle ranging from fever and skin nodules to mucosal lesions ...