The Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (FCTC), drafted by the World Health Organization (WHO), was adopted in 2003 and entered into force on February 27, 2005, when it reached the required number of 40 member countries signatories to the treaty. Brazil was the second country to sign the FCTC, on June 16, 2003, and currently, 183 countries are signatories to the international treaty.