Researchers have deciphered the genome of the famous Chinese tea Tieguanyin and re-sequenced 161 tea plant varieties and 15 closely related species of Dali tea, revealing two functional genes that affect plant height and tea yield. This breakthrough is expected to enhance the rapid selection of desirable traits in tea plants using molecular biology technology. The study also provides a theoretical foundation for the use of omics analysis and molecular biology techniques to identify functional genes and improve genome design and breeding efficiency.