An event on May 25, 2022, in Rome brought together researchers and producers to discuss the potential of the Italian chili pepper industry. The country's demand for chili peppers is high, but only 30% of the requirement is met by domestic production, with the rest imported from non-EU countries like China, Egypt, and Turkey. The quality of imported chili peppers is often low, and the event aimed to launch a national supply chain to meet the demand. Research focuses on identifying morphological and metabolic markers in local and Asian hot pepper varieties to enhance biodiversity and improve cultivation. The creation of denominations of territorial origin was suggested to guarantee quality and added value to the product. The event also underscored the need for modernization in the production system, including varietal improvement, to reduce costs and meet the food industry's demands.