The 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China emphasized the need to establish a big food concept in order to meet the evolving and diverse food consumption needs of Chinese residents. This concept is based on the principles of food security, resource utilization, green development, consumption safety, and global markets. China's food production systems include agriculture, grassland, forest, water, and microbial/artificial production, and the implementation of the big food concept requires policy support and innovation in technology, systems, markets, and investments. The transformation of the food system is a crucial development issue that aims to provide abundant and nutritious food while promoting the coexistence of humans and nature.