Ukraine has emerged as the main supplier of watermelons to Belarus, replacing Russia, despite higher logistics costs, VAT rates, and packaging costs in Ukraine. The cost of Ukrainian Kherson watermelons is more competitive in the Belarusian market than Astrakhan watermelons, leading to a price difference of 0.22-0.23 $/kg. Belarus imports about 30,000 tons of watermelon annually and has been dependent on imports due to low domestic production. In 2020, Ukraine exported over 33,000 tons of watermelons to EU countries. It is anticipated that Ukraine may not increase watermelon exports in 2021 due to lower prices in the EU and a shorter sales season, but exports to Belarus could help stabilize producer prices in Ukraine.