In 2020, Vietnam's implementation of the ASEAN Trade in Goods Agreement (ATIGA) led to a significant increase in sugar imports, particularly from Thailand, causing a surge in the sugar market and negatively impacting the domestic sugar industry. The influx of cheap imported sugar resulted in the closure of many sugar factories, job losses, and financial difficulties for farming households. The Vietnam Sugarcane Association reported that only 30 out of 41 sugar factories were in operation by 2010 due to these challenges. The situation was worsened by suspected dumping and subsidies from the Thai government. In response, Vietnam applied anti-dumping and anti-subsidy measures on Thai sugar, resulting in a 75% decrease in imports in March 2021. This move helped equalize the market and increase local sugar prices, improving the livelihoods of sugarcane farmers.