The Vietnam Pepper Association forecasts that the country's pepper and spices exports will reach $2 billion by 2025, due to the positive harvest forecast for pepper crops and the expected decrease in production from other major producing countries. However, geopolitical factors and strict import market regulations on non-tariff barriers like pesticide residues and heavy metals may cause price instability. In 2022, the pepper and spice industry generated over $1.4 billion in revenue. Vietnam is a major producer and exporter of these commodities, but faces challenges such as pesticide residues in chili products and heavy metal residues in cinnamon. Organizations like IDH Vietnam are partnering with the association to address these challenges and promote sustainable farming and trade practices in the industry.