The Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock and Supply of Brazil has published two normative instructions to develop National Prevention and Surveillance Plans for the pests Lobesia botrana and Moniliophtora roreri. These pests are among the 20 prioritized under the National Program for the Prevention of Absent Quarantine Pests in Brazil. Lobesia botrana poses a significant threat to vine crops, particularly grapes, and is categorized as an Absent Quarentennial Plague in Brazil. Moniliophthora roreri is a fungus that causes moniliasis, a devastating disease for cocoa, and is also a PQA in Brazil. The plans aim to prevent the entry of exotic pests and mitigate their impact on agricultural production.