The article provides an overview of the daily price fluctuations of black and white pepper, influenced by various factors. It notes that the 2025 pepper crop will be delayed due to a prolonged drought, impacting supply. The Vietnam Pepper and Spices Association (VPSA) indicates that the 2023 crop inventory and 2024 imports are around 40,000 - 45,000 tons, which may lead to lower export volumes until March 2025. Additionally, Brazil's pepper crop is expected to decrease to about 65,000 tons due to adverse weather, while Indonesia has boosted its market inventory following the harvest in key production areas.