The Vietnamese sugar industry is facing significant challenges due to a massive influx of imported sugar, primarily from Thailand, following the integration of the Asia-Pacific Trade Agreement (ATIGA). The imported sugar is priced lower than the production cost, leading to domestic sugar overproduction and a surge in smuggling and trade fraud. This has resulted in the closure of many sugar factories, reducing the industry's competitiveness and threatening its future. Despite these challenges, Vietnamese sugar companies like Quang Ngai Sugar JSC are investing in modernization and expansion, adopting advanced technology and sustainable practices. However, the progress of these initiatives is being hampered by the influx of subsidized and dumped Thai sugar. Overall, the sugarcane cultivation and processing levels in Vietnam are superior to most ASEAN countries, except for Thailand, and are on par with the region and Asia. The industry's future depends on overcoming these challenges and leveraging its competitive advantages.