Asian sustainable aviation fuel (SAF) production costs rose in December, with waste cooking oil-based SAF and palm oil fatty acid distillate-based SAF also seeing a rise, but trade sources reported lower prices in the market. Chinese SAF mills have increased their purchases of UCO, and with the ReFuelEU mandates expected to add 1.3 million tonnes of SAF to the European market in 2025, European SAF consumption is projected to grow significantly. However, the political environment in the US is raising concerns about the future of biofuels, including SAF. The expiration of the 40B program is raising questions about investment in the sector.