A $41 million tree crop program, led by growers and plant scientists, aims to develop new varieties of almond, apple, citrus, macadamia, and mango. The goal is to create smaller, high-density orchards that are automated and more labor-efficient, with new varieties offering better storage, quality, higher nutritional content, and climate resilience. The five-year initiative, funded through Hort Innovation's Frontiers investment program and led by QUT, Murdoch University, University of Queensland, and Western Sydney University, will focus on developing smaller, less vigorous tree varieties planted at higher densities to maximize yield and support automated management. This research is expected to enhance the horticulture industry's resilience to climate change and diseases, improve productivity, and ensure the long-term viability and global competitiveness of these crops.