A recent study conducted at the Donoso Agrarian Experimental Station of the National Institute of Agrarian Innovation (INIA) has found that the Brahman, Braunvieh, Gyr, and Simmental cattle breeds have a high genetic diversity. The research used molecular techniques to identify that the Braunvieh breed has the highest heterozygosity, while the Brahman breed has the lowest. All breeds had negative inbreeding coefficient values, indicating no consanguinity and a large number of heterozygotes. The findings will be used to develop technologies for animal genetic improvement and to manage genetic resources effectively to prevent the loss of genetic variability in these breeds.