China is experiencing a critical period of growth in its seed industry, with foreign trade playing a key role. In 2021, the country's crop seed trade volume reached US$1.01 billion, nearly doubling the 2011 figure of $560 million. Imported seeds, mainly horticultural crop seeds, had a trade volume of $680 million, with the United States, the Netherlands, Japan, Chile, Denmark, and Thailand being the main sources. The exports, mainly rice seeds, had a trade volume of $330 million, with the Netherlands, Pakistan, the Philippines, the United States, South Korea, Vietnam, and Japan as the main destinations.