Producers from various Patagonian regions in Argentina, along with the Argentine Rural Confederations (CRA), are calling for measures to control the growing guanaco population, which is causing significant harm to the region's productive and ecological base. The guanaco's expansion has led to a decrease in sheep numbers, causing competition for pastures and water, and facilitating predation by other animals. Sheep production, a key economic activity in the region, is under threat. A study by the EEA Santa Cruz reveals that the excessive presence of guanacos can lead to a reduction in grassland diversity and quality, contributing to soil degradation and desertification. Urgent action is needed for a comprehensive management policy to coexist with sheep production and prevent an ecological and productive crisis in Patagonia.