Extreme climatic conditions have led to a sharp decline in grape harvests in major wine-producing countries in the EU and the Southern Hemisphere, according to the International Organization of Grapes and Wine (OIV). Italy and Spain have experienced significant decreases in production due to adverse weather conditions, while France is expected to be the world's largest producer in 2023. The overall global wine production in 2023 is estimated to be 7% lower than the already below-average volume of 2022, making it the lowest production year since 1961.