The 2023-2024 lemon crop in Spain is experiencing a surplus due to several factors including market changes, overdemand from distributors, pests and diseases, climate change, and unchecked lemon cultivation. The World Citrus Organization and the Spanish Confederation of Agriculture have noted a significant increase in lemon planting, expanding from 36,000 hectares in 2016 to 53,000 hectares, and highlighted the lack of regulation as the primary cause. The surplus is also influenced by the competition from imported lemons, particularly from outside Europe, leading to difficulties for Spanish farmers in selling their produce.