The article provides an overview of the history of agricultural production and its impact on human population growth, with a focus on the current state of the global agricultural economy. It highlights the leading countries in agricultural production and export, including the United States, the Netherlands, Germany, France, and Brazil, and discusses the role of technology and efficiency in agricultural practices. The article also brings attention to the potential of Turkey in the global agricultural market, given its production diversity and efficiency levels, and suggests that a strategic approach and advanced farming practices could enhance its export potential. The article's conclusion emphasizes the importance of efficiency, technology, and smart farming practices in meeting the global demand for agricultural products and improving export performance, using Turkey as an example.