The winter horticultural campaign in Seville is facing challenges due to drought and high production costs, with crops such as artichoke seeing a significant reduction in area. The drought and increased costs are expected to result in economic damage and potentially lead to shortages of cruciferous vegetables. The situation is further complicated by the need to pass costs on to intermediaries and distribution, and the need for decent prices at origin. There is also concern about the impact of high temperatures on crop nutrient assimilation and the potential for reduced production. Additionally, the season is expected to see a shift in market direction, with 20% of fresh production and 80% of industrial production expected to go to the European market.