A human case of bovine tuberculosis (Mycobacterium bovis) has been confirmed in Korea, marking the first reported case in the country. The individual, a man in his 50s who worked in a veterinary laboratory for two decades, was diagnosed with pulmonary tuberculosis and later found to have the bovine strain. The exact transmission route is not clear, but it could be through needles contaminated with bovine tuberculosis, biological substances entering the eye, or unnoticeable skin abrasions. This case highlights the need for increased surveillance and the importance of personal protective equipment in high-risk occupations. The patient has recovered after treatment, and close and casual contacts have also been monitored and treated. This incident underscores the importance of awareness about the risks of zoonotic tuberculosis and the need for strict precautions to prevent infection.