Binh Phuoc and Binh Duong provinces in Vietnam are facing significant agricultural challenges due to prolonged droughts, severely impacting the production of cashews and mangosteen, their key crops. The drought has resulted in record-low yields, threatening the livelihoods of many farmers as they grapple with reduced income and limited financial resources for tree care. As the drought has been especially hard on Binh Phuoc's old cashew trees, which account for 70% of the province's cashew area and yield poorly, the province is considering a Replanting Project to introduce new, high-yield cashew varieties. Meanwhile, farmers are seeking support from the government and local communities to overcome these difficult times. The article underscores the urgent need for effective drought mitigation strategies and financial assistance to help farmers adapt and recover from these challenging conditions.