China lifted restrictions on barley imports from Russia and Kazakhstan in 2020, but imports from these countries remain low. The majority of China's barley imports come from France, Canada, and Argentina. The import volume and prices have been fluctuating since 2016, with a trend of large imports and increasing prices from 2016 to 2022, and smaller imports and decreasing prices from 2023 to 2024. An anti-dumping investigation on Australian barley imports was conducted from 2020 to 2023, resulting in a significant decrease in imports from Australia. Despite lifting restrictions, Kazakhstan and Russia contribute a small portion to China's barley import market.