A recent study published in the Journal of Dairy Science estimates that diseases and health problems in dairy cattle cost the global dairy industry around $65 billion annually. The research focuses on twelve common conditions, including subclinical and clinical mastitis, lameness, paratuberculosis, and more, across 183 milk-producing countries. The study finds that subclinical ketosis is the most costly disease, contributing to an estimated $18 billion in annual losses, followed by clinical mastitis and subclinical mastitis with $13 billion and $9 billion in losses respectively. The economic impact of these diseases varies greatly, with subclinical ketosis, clinical mastitis, and subclinical mastitis causing significantly larger losses than other diseases. The research also highlights that the highest annual losses are in India, followed by the United States and China, but the impact of these diseases varies significantly from country to country.