China is a crucial market for the sale of dry whey from the U.S., a factor that significantly influences farmer profitability, with a small change in dry whey price leading to a substantial shift in Class III milk price. Despite China's increase in milk production, it has not yet expanded into cheese production, which could potentially impact U.S. whey exports. Compared to New Zealand, the U.S. has been less affected by the changes in China's import needs. New Zealand has had to shift its milk powder production to target new markets, such as Mexico, following a decrease in milk powder purchases by China, which now accounts for about 6% of New Zealand's production.