The Government of Paraná, Brazil, has taken significant steps to protect its local milk producers from the competition of imported powdered milk and mozzarella cheese by altering ICMS tax rules, including the issuance of Decree 5,396/2024 and proposing amendments to ICMS legislation, imposing a 7% tax on these previously exempt imports. This move aims to counteract the adverse effects of rising imports from Mercosur countries on local prices and profitability. Additionally, Paraná, being the second-largest dairy producer in Brazil, is advocating for federal support in the form of loan payment postponements or debt refinancing for family farmers in the 2024/25 Harvest Plan, alongside organizing technical events to further engage producers. These efforts underscore the state's commitment to bolstering its dairy sector against external pressures and ensuring its sustainability.