The USTR report highlights various barriers that limit US exports of goods and services, foreign direct investment, and electronic commerce in important export markets. These barriers include import policies, technical barriers to trade, sanitary and phytosanitary measures, government procurement policies, intellectual property protections, and subsidies. The National Pork Producers Council (NPPC) has listed 21 countries with tariff and non-tariff barriers that restrict US pork exports, citing specific challenges in Australia, Ecuador, South Africa, and Taiwan.