According to Magdy Tawfiq, the prices of certain spices in the Egyptian market, such as cumin and black pepper, have increased. The price of local and imported cumin has risen to 260 pounds per kilo, compared to 160 pounds two months ago, while the price of black pepper has increased to 170 pounds per kilo from 140 pounds. Tawfiq attributes the rise in prices to the lack of local and global supply, as well as the high cost of importing spices due to the exchange rate of the dollar against the pound.