The article examines the repercussions of a 35% tariff imposed by the U.S. on Spanish black olives since 2017, leading to over 260 million euros in losses for the Spanish olive sector. Despite a WTO ruling deeming these tariffs illegal, the U.S. has only slightly reduced them to 31%, which the EU considers inadequate. The situation has been exacerbated by a new U.S. ruling supporting the tariffs, prompting the European Commission to seek further WTO intervention. Meanwhile, olive producers from Egypt, Turkey, Morocco, and California have benefited from a 70% drop in the market share of Spanish olives since 2018. The article underscores the need for EU support to mitigate the economic damage and challenges faced by the Spanish olive industry, drawing parallels to potential EU measures against Chinese threats to other European products.