As has been happening in recent years, climatic variability is the factor that has most influenced global wine production in 2025. According to the initial forecast of the International Organization of Vine and Wine (OIV), this year's production would range between 228 and 235 million hectoliters, with an average estimate of 232 million hectoliters. This figure, if confirmed, would represent a 3% increase compared to the 2024 harvest, which was historically low (around 225 million hectoliters), but would be 7% below the average of the last five years. The organization notes, in a recently published report, that in the northern hemisphere, producers faced divergent climatic patterns: from prolonged droughts and heat that limited yields in parts of southwestern Europe, to excessive rains, storms, and disease pressure in other areas, resulting in a wide disparity between regions. Only a few areas experienced more balanced conditions that favored above-average harvests. In the ...
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