In the past year, Iran emerged as a significant player in the global pistachio market, exporting 120,000 tons and earning about $1.0 billion from its pistachio production of over 200,000 tons. The European Union (EU) received €92 million worth of these exports, marking a 17% decrease from the previous year. Despite this, Germany emerged as the leading EU importer of Iranian pistachios. On a larger scale, the U.S. remained the top pistachio exporter to the EU, experiencing a slight decline, while Turkey rounded out the top three exporters. The article also highlights the challenges posed by water scarcity and climate change to pistachio production in Iran, noting that over 85% of the country is now classified as arid or semi-arid, leading to increased reliance on groundwater.