In 2024 and 2025, Japan met the government-set annual target of 824 million liters of bioethanol, with refineries continuing to supply bioethanol in the form of ETBE (ethyl tert-butyl ether). In 2025, the average ethanol blend rate in Japan remained at 1.9 percent. Japan plans to introduce a nationwide E10 direct blending by the 2030 fiscal year, while continuing existing ETBE initiatives. Japanese refineries are preparing to conduct regional test launches of E10 in Okinawa Prefecture starting in the 2028 fiscal year. In April 2025, the first plant in Japan for producing sustainable aviation fuel (SAF) using waste vegetable oil as raw material began operations in Sakai, Osaka. However, other planned SAF production ...
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