Spain's olive oil production is projected to recover, with estimates for the 2024-2025 campaign reaching 1,262,300 tons, a 48% increase from the previous harvest and 4% above the average of the last six harvests. This recovery is significant not only for the Iberian Peninsula but also globally, especially with the evaluation of new olive varieties like Lecciana and Coriana in Spain and their potential adaptation in Chile. These varieties are being considered for their adaptability to water shortages and their compatibility with other varieties, aiming to extend the harvest period and improve oil quality. The article highlights the history of olive grove evolution in Spain and Chile, particularly the development of the hedgerow system and the necessity of introducing new varieties with better adaptability and productivity.