A World Trade Organization (WTO) panel has ruled that the US did not correctly implement a decision to reduce tariffs on Spanish black olives, a dispute that began in 2019. The US reduced tariffs from 35% to 31% in 2023, which the EU deemed insufficient. The US can appeal, but the WTO's Appellate Body is currently unable to process appeals due to a lack of judges. The Spanish Association of Table Olive Exporters and Industrialists (Asemesa) expects compensatory tariffs for the costs assumed by the sector and has hailed the ruling as a 'total victory.'