The Australian pistachio industry has seen a significant growth, expanding from 700 hectares a decade ago to 3,000 hectares, with the majority of production concentrated along the Murray River in southern New South Wales, northwestern Victoria, and South Australia. The country's current production stands at a record 4,500 tons, with projections to double and then double again in the coming years, due to increased demand and farmers shifting from less profitable crops like wine grapes. This surge in pistachio cultivation is attributed to the crop's higher economic value, especially with the decline in almond prices, and the industry's expansion in major producing areas like California and Spain. The growth is also fueled by the demand from emerging markets, including China and India, driven by their preference for healthy vegetarian food options.