The European Union dairy cow numbers fell to 19.7 million in 2024, the first time below 20 million, due to declining inventories and a slight increase in productivity. As a result, cow milk production is expected to decrease by 0.3%. Despite an increase in milk deliveries to dairies in the beginning of the year, numbers are projected to decline throughout the year due to reduced milk production profitability, environmental restrictions, and a lack of interest from younger generations. However, larger and more professional farms are expected to maintain their herd numbers. The European dairy industry is facing challenges such as declining farm-gate milk prices, high production costs, and unfavorable weather conditions, which are expected to result in further contractions in 2024.