The article provides an in-depth analysis of the history and current state of Bangladesh's shrimp farming industry, from its early days in the 1970s to the present. It highlights the challenges the industry faced, such as environmental degradation, resistance from affected communities, and export bans, and the efforts to establish environmental safeguards and improve quality control. The industry's growth and the negative impacts of cyclones and the global economic recession are discussed, as well as the shift towards shrimp farming in coastal regions due to climate change. The article also explores the potential for Bangladesh to increase its competitiveness in the global shrimp market by either promoting its black tiger shrimp as a national treasure or by introducing the commercial production of non-native Vannamei shrimp. The article concludes by mentioning the recent government approval of two pilot projects for Vannamei production and the increase in shrimp export earnings in the last half of FY 2021-2022.