Kazakhstan's 20% export duty on sunflower seeds, introduced in February 2023, has sparked controversy. Supporters, including the National Association of Oilseed Processors of Kazakhstan, argue it prevents depletion of raw materials and ensures food security, while critics claim it results in lost income for farmers and imposes an additional tax. The duty has also halted imports from Uzbekistan and Tajikistan. Despite this, the acreage for sunflower crops has increased. The potential shortage of sunflower seeds could impact factories' competitiveness and operations.