Mexico has been subjected to trade sanctions by the International Convention on Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES) due to its inadequate efforts to protect endemic species, the vaquita, and to prevent the illegal fishing of totoaba. This situation has led to the suspension of trade with Mexico in over 3,000 animal and plant species. The Mexican government, along with organizations like Sea Shepherd Conservation Society, has countered these claims, citing improvements in the vaquita protection plan and calling for collaboration from countries like China and the United States to curb the demand for totoaba and support financial efforts against illegal fishing. The effectiveness of these measures and the responsibility of various stakeholders in addressing the extinction of the vaquita are subjects of ongoing debate.